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Sex Isn't Real: The Invention of an Incoherent Binary

Contributor(s): Velocci, Beans (Author)

ISBN: 9781478033028

Publisher: Duke University Press

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Pub Date: February 3, 2026

Dewey: 305.3

LCCN: 2025021625

Lexile Code: 0000

Features: Bibliography, Index

Target Age Group: NA to NA

Physical Info: 0.73" H x 9.00" L x 6.00" W ( 0.97 lbs) 326 pages

Descriptions, Reviews, etc.

Description: In Sex Isn't Real, Beans Velocci traces the history of current high stakes attempts to define sex and to create a world devoid of trans life. Drawing on lab notes, family genealogies, medical case studies, and more, Velocci follows scientists and clinicians from the mid-nineteenth through the mid-twentieth century and across five disciplines--zoology, eugenics, gynecology, statistical sexology, and transsexual medicine--as their ideas and practices created a definitional tangle. They demonstrate how the sorting of bodies into male and female persists not despite but because of sex's incoherence: the defining features of these categories shift to contain various understandings of anatomy and physiology, theories of race, developments in research and medical methodologies, and bodies that cannot be accounted for in a binary framework. Exposing the endless work required to produce a world in which most people have a binary gender identity that neatly fits their binarily sexed body, Velocci demonstrates that it is not cis people who fit the categories; it's the categories that flex to make them fit.

Review Quotes: "In Sex Isn't Real, Beans Velocci zeroes in on a central problem in the history of transness to reveal it as a central problem of the historical enterprise itself: how the very categories through which we think about the past and construct its objects are themselves historical constructs that ontologize historically contingent gender categories by biologizing them as sex. A powerful contribution to history, science studies, and trans studies."--Susan Stryker, founding coeditor emerita, TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly

"Grounded in amazing archival work and innovatively drawing from science studies, feminist and queer theory, and trans studies, Sex Isn't Real is a groundbreaking book. Beans Velocci digs out the points of view, attitudes, and confusion of some of the most pivotal characters in the history of American sex science, making a welcome contribution to the field."--Anne Fausto-Sterling, author of, Sexing the Body: Gender Politics and the Construction of Sexuality

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