Description: "To look at Islamicate civilization is to face the choice of where and when to look but it also requires one to invoke fuzzy or barzakh logic at the outset. There is no great divide between East and West or between Islam and its political-religious rivals, whether in the premodern or the modern world. Many are the historians who have labored to point out that civilizational study is predicated on 'grey' not black and white vision of the past, and multiple, local understandings of civilizational actors, events, institutions, and legacies. In short, cosmopolitan studies, like civilizational studies with which it is allied and on which it must be modeled, requires decentering the West and reappropriating the 'rest' for a deeper, truer sense of what is genuinely world history"--
